Stroke

A stroke is caused by sudden neurological dysfunction, can lead to motor deficits like paralysis or weakness, often affecting one side of the body. Ischemic strokes result from blood clots obstructing brain blood flow, while hemorrhagic strokes occur due to ruptured blood vessels. Transient ischemic attacks are temporary blockages known as “mini strokes.” Symptoms include weakness, numbness, coordination difficulties, and speech or swallowing problems. Risk factors include old age, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, obesity, high cholesterol, heart disease, sedentary lifestyle, drug use, and certain medical conditions, with diagnosis involving methods like CT scans, MRI, PET, angiography, and neurological examinations.

Physiotherapy management for stroke aims to promote motor recovery and enhance quality of life through various techniques like cryotherapy, thermotherapy, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, upper and lower limb control exercises, balance improvement activities, gait training, breathing exercises, facial palsy rehabilitation, and feeding techniques. These methods assist in reducing oedema, improving muscle control, increasing mobility, and facilitating functional movements essential for daily activities.